Highlights
Transverse Thermoelectrics—A Route to more Efficient Energy Conversion
The principal challenges in current thermoelectric power generation modules are the availability of stable, diffusion-resistant, lossless electrical and thermal metal–semiconductor contacts that do not degrade at the hot end nor cause reductions in device efficiency. Transverse thermoelectric devices, in which a thermal gradient in a single material induces a perpendicular voltage, promise to overcome these problems.
Realizing a New Semiconductor for Power Electronic Applications
Materials discovery is more than calculating the properties that a material should have if the atoms were in desired positions. It is also key to get the atoms into those desired positions, to see what the properties really are, and thus realize the potential benefit of a new material. Making this happen takes a combination of ideas, capabilities, and execution—as the recent success by a team led by Assistant and Associate Professors from the University of Michigan illustrates.
Suboxide Molecular Beam Epitaxy—A new Thin Film Growth PARADIM
PARADIM’s in-house team worked with a collaborator at Penn State to develop a new variant of MBE that we call “suboxide MBE.” In contrast to conventional MBE where the molecular beams are elemental, in suboxide MBE the molecular beams are pre-oxidized. Achieving the desired suboxide beams relies on extensive thermodynamic calculations made for the entire periodic table, as shown in Figure 1. [1]
New Sample Holder for High-Resolution Electron Microscopy at Previously Inaccessible Temperatures
Atomic-resolution cryogenic STEM provides a path to probe the microscopic nature of low-temperature phases in quantum materials. To date, successful high-resolution cryo-experiments have been limited to few and fixed temperatures, dictated by the choice of cryogen, leaving most of the phase space of materials unexplored.
A Strategy to Make and Manipulate Magnetic Monopoles by Exploiting Interfaces
Long considered unachievable, magnetic monopoles have been realized in bulk crystals in recent years as ensembles containing equal numbers of monopoles and antimonopoles. In this form, exciting fundamental questions about the existence, properties, and dynamics of individual magnetic monopoles remain unanswered or inaccessible.
New theoretical approach to tackle interface quantum materials
The Materials-by-Design approach relies on strong theoretical capabilities to predict the properties of novel materials. Unfortunately, traditional ab initio techniques for calculating the electronic structure of materials are powerless when the lattice mismatch between two crystals leads to the absence of periodicity, as observed between many of the interface quantum materials that are the focus of PARADIM’s in-house research.
Theory + MBE + ARPES to navigate correlated materials
PARADIM’s in-house research team is exploiting the world-leading tools of its Platform to provide a new modality of materials discovery for artificial quantum materials. This occurs through the unique combination of thin film growth with in-situ spectroscopy enabling scientists to directly see the impact of changes in structure on how the electrons move in these materials.
An atomically thin ferromagnet—just one atom thick
This highlight provides an example of the precise interface quantum materials that can be created by MBE and characterized by high-resolution STEM and elemental analysis in PARADIM facilities.
High-Resolution Electron Microscopy gets Cooler
Today, sub-angstrom resolution scanning trans-mission electron microscopy (STEM) imaging is routinely achieved. In addition to resolving individual atomic columns in crystals, STEM performed at room temperature can be used to determine their positions with picometer precision which allows us to directly map local properties.
Valleytronics Made to Order: Layer-by-Layer Stacking of TMD Sheets with ~cm Dimensions
Building on their growing expertise with valleytronic materials, PARADIM researchers, Jiwoong Park (University of Chicago) and David Muller (Cornell University) have discovered a way to assemble multi-layer stacks of monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials (MoS2, MoSe2, and WS2) with centimeter-scale dimensions in a user-defined sequence. The assembly is achieved without the use of etchants or solvents by exploiting the stronger binding that occurs between TMD layers than between the TMD layer and the underlying substrate.
Perturbing ValleytronicMaterials to make them Relevant to Ground-State Quantum Computing
PARADIM theorists have recognized that lightly hole-doped transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are natural candidates for the long sought odd-parity topological superconductor vital for ground-state topological quantum computing.
Low Symmetry Valleytronic Materials Enable Energy Efficient Switching for Magnetic Memories
Building on their growing expertise with interface materials, PARADIM researchers discovered a new mechanism for reorienting magnetization that is 10 times more energy efficient than prior techniques. An electrical current is passed through a low symmetry valleytronic material containing heavy atoms that is positioned under a magnetic layer.
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